Electronic Resource
Pharmacophores and Pharmacophore Searches
Many authors use the term “pharmacophores” to define functional or structural elements possessing biological activity. This does not correspond to the official definition elaborated by an IUPAC working party and published in 1998 [1]: A pharmacophore is the ensemble of steric and electronic features that is necessary to ensure the optimal supramolecular interactions with a specific biological target structure and to trigger (or to block) its biological response. As a consequence: 1. The pharmacophore describes the essential, steric and electronic, function-determining points necessary for an optimal interaction with a relevant pharmacological target. 2. The pharmacophore does not represent a real molecule or a real association of functional groups, but a purely abstract concept that accounts for the common molecular interaction capacities of a group of compounds towards their target structure. 3. Pharmacophores are not specific functional groups (e.g. sulfonamides) or “pieces of molecules” (e.g. dihydropyridines, arylpiperazines). A pharmacophore can be considered as the highest common denominator of a group of molecules exhibiting a similar pharmacological profile and which are recognized by the same site of the target protein. However, despite the official definition and the remarks made above, many medicinal chemists continue to call pharmacophores some specific functional groups, especially if they appear to be often associated with biological activity
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